The Models Of Servant Leadership, Transformational...

This paper aims to address an organizational issue and illustrate how the situation could be resolved by using three different models of leadership. The work environment will be described, the significance of the issue will be presented and the resolution will be analyzed using the models of servant leadership, transformational leadership and transactional leadership. In 1989 I was employed by a retail bank and enrolled into an accelerated management training program, the purpose of which was to fast track my progress to management within 4 years, as opposed to the 15 years typically experienced. The premise behind the program was that candidates did not need an in-depth knowledge of routine or front office activities, they could get a fleeting experience of departments, from 2 weeks to 3 months, and progress on to leadership positions elsewhere in the organization. In my local area there were 45 trainees, all in different offices and stages of the program. Each trainee was responsible for projecting a professional attitude, commanding respect from the team, and completing the Chartered Institute of Bankers examinations. The issue that developed was quite serious. Over 50% of the trainees did not complete the process, generally for one of two reasons; commanding respect or failure to pass the exams. The reason was not apparent for some time, and the bank leadership created the program knowing that there would be some considerable waste of money and resources for those thatShow MoreRelatedLeadership, The, And Situational Approach954 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership can be defined in many different ways depending on how it is looked at. Some people can define leadership as stepping forward to take lead of a task just to get it done, while others can see it as someone who starts a movement to make a change. Overall, leadership is the action of leading a group of people or an organization. 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Emu and Ostrich Eggs Hatch Free Essays

OSTRICH Did you know? * The Ostrich is the largest living bird in the world. * It is of the Ratite family, which means flightless bird. * The Ostrich is native to Africa, yet thrives in countries all over the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Emu and Ostrich Eggs Hatch or any similar topic only for you Order Now * Adult males are eight to ten feet in height and weigh 350-400 pounds. * A male Ostrich is called a rooster and a female Ostrich is called a hen. * The male is black with white wing tips and tail plumes. * The female has light brown and grey plumage and is slightly smaller than the male. * This great bird has two toes, all other birds have three or four toes. The Ostrich can run at speeds of up to 40 MPH for sustained times. * An Ostrich will live to be 50 – 75 years old. * Although an ostrich egg is the largest of all eggs, it is the smallest egg in relation to the size of the bird. * The Ostrich egg will weigh 1600 gm and is equivalent to 2 dozen chicken eggs. * An Ostrich Hen can lay 40 -100 eggs per year, averaging about 60 eggs per year. * Ostrich eggs hatch in 42 days. * An Ostrich chick grows one foot taller each month until it is 7-8 months old. * Females sit on eggs by day; males sit on eggs by night. To soft boil a fresh egg would take one hour. To hard boil would take 1 1/2 hours. * Ostrich farming is a viable alternative agriculture industry, with fine quality leather, feathers and gourmet meat as the principal products. EMU Introducing the Emu Emu (pronounced either e-mew or e-moo depending on where you’re from) are a large flightless bird native to Australia. These birds, known for their curious nature, have been around since the time of the dinosaurs. Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae) are a member of the ratite, which means flightless bird, family. Other ratites include the ostrich, moa, rhea, cassowary, and kiwi, as well as the extinct aepyornis  (click to read more about this bird). Emu are the largest bird on the Australian continent and the second largest in the world. What bird is the largest bird? That would be the emu’s cousin the ostrich. Emus eat insects and caterpillars as well as seeds, nuts, shoots, flowers, and small rodents and lizards. They are picky eaters and would rather starve than eat old leaves or grass. They are shy birds that prefer to use their long legs to run than to fight. They are known for their curiosity and have been known to eat nails and bits of tin! Hunters can easily persuade a wild emu to come close by hiding in long grass and waving a colored handkerchief on the end of a stick. Where They Live Today emus live around the world on farms and ranches and in zoos. They can still be found running wild in the western part of Australia where the land is rugged and less-populated. Emus tend to avoid thick forest and desert areas and can live well in temperature extremes from 100? to below zero. They generally live mainly on grassy plains and dry open forests. Before humans came to Australia thousands of years ago, emus wandered all over the country. Emus are frequently on the move from place to place looking for new water and food sources and don’t stay in one place for very long. They are able to travel great distances at a fast pace. The only time they’re not on the move is when the males are sitting on the eggs and a short time after the chicks are born. After the chicks get old enough the flock begins to move again, though slowly. While emus usually travel in flocks they generally prefer to be alone with little to no need for company and mutual grooming. What They Look Like Some emus have an attractive bluish hue on their mostly feather-less neck. The intensity of the color varies based on the season of the year, changes in surroundings and behavior of nearby birds. When females are getting ready to lay their eggs their head and neck are covered with black feathers. They have two dull brown, hair-like feathers that grow out of each opening in the emu’s skin. The feathers are brown but after they shed their feathers, or molting, appear nearly black. They fade to a pale brown as the emu ages (just like humans get grey hair as they get older). The feathers are downy with no stiff vein running through the center like most other birds, which is part of why they’re flightless. The feathers towards the base of the spine are longer and are set wide apart, giving it a mop-like appearance. Emus only have tiny wings that are hidden under the feathers and are one-tenth the size of its total body. The emu’s short, pointed bill and three-toed feet are brown with a flat bottom that has a broad pad. They typically have golden brown eyes. Making Babies In the summer, when the hen finds a partner they will guard an area of about 30 square kilometers then scoop out a hole in the ground and build a nest. The nest is made of trampled grass in open or lightly covered country. The breeding doesn’t take place until cooler months. As the days get cooler and shorter, the males (or cocks) undergo a hormonal change and start to lose their appetites in preparation for sitting on the nest. The pair will mate every day or two and every second or third day the female will lay an egg in the nest. After the seventh egg is laid the male will get broody and will start to sit on the eggs. The male will not sit on a nest until at least five eggs have been laid. While the male emu sits on the eggs he will not eat, drink or even go to the bathroom. He can lose up to 20 pounds during this time, or about one-fifth its weight. They only stand long enough to turn the eggs, which is done about 10 times a day. Over the next eight weeks the male will survive only on accumulated body fat and the morning dew reachable from the nest. Emu eggs are easily identifiable due to their rather large size, about the size of a grapefruit, and greenish-black color. The eggs are not a uniform shade and can range from a light shade of green to almost black. The color of the eggs depends on the hen. A Baby Is Born†¦ After pecking its way out of the shell, a very active 10-inch tall, cream-colored emu chick emerges. They have brown stripes and dark dots on the head. The chicks go through a remarkable color-metamorphosis. As three-month-old chicks they turn an almost solid black color, and then change to a tan, brown and black mixture as they grow. The chick will leave the nest two to three days after hatching. The chicks will be guarded by the male for up to 18 months and he is the one who will teach them what and how to eat. If a male comes across a strange chick wandering, he will most likely adopt it providing it isn’t bigger than the chicks already in his care. Interesting Fact: Ratites are the only birds known to hatch identical twins. Two birds actually hatch from the same egg! This is not normal for birds and in the wild the hatchlings would rarely live more than a day or two. In captivity scientists have been able to watch emu identical twins live beyond 18 months. * The Emu is native to Australia and it is believed to have existed almost unchanged for over 80 million years. * Emus grow to approximately 6 feet tall and is the second largest bird in the world. * Emu and ostrich are totally different birds. The only similarity they share is that they are both flightless. The Emu is an omnivore. In the wild its diet consists of grains and seeds and small rodents, reptiles and birds. * Females can lay up to 60 eggs per season. The average egg production for a hen is 30 to 40 eggs. * The eggs are dark green and weigh 1 to 1 1/2 pounds (500 to 780 grams). * The male Emu incubates the eggs 50 to 60 days and then raises the chicks. * An Emu gro ws quickly and reaches its full height in one year. * Emus love water and are excellent swimmers. * Emus grow to approximately 6 feet tall. WRITTEN REPORT IN HEALTH AND SCIENCE Submitted By: Kyryn Aeiou U. Hernaez How to cite Emu and Ostrich Eggs Hatch, Papers

Latin American Independence (737 words) Essay Example For Students

Latin American Independence (737 words) Essay Latin American IndependenceLatin American IndependenceThe Spanish amassed great wealth and power in their American colonies through oppression, slavery and racism. An amazing variety of classes developed and created a social gap in the people. At the turn of the nineteenth century, the American-born population began to advance towards independence. The process did not happen over night. Instead, it developed slowly due to social, political, ethnic, and economic factors, and the often bloody war for independence raged for fifteen years. Enlightenment radically altered the ideas of people in Europe and America. Ideas that challenged old truths began to develop; ideas that praised individual rights such as the notion that ultimate authority in society resides with the people, not with the king, or that all people are created equal in nature and possess equal rights. The French and American revolutions were strongly influenced by these new, bold beliefs. Inspired by the ideas of the Enlightenment and the wars for independence in other parts of the globe, Latin American gained momentum to began their own revolution. America was a mixing of many different races and each caste held specific rights and limitations. Natural born Spanish had access to the advantages and held the majority of power. The wealthy Creoles were able to ascend to positions of authority, but were always a step down the social ladder from the natural Spanish. Social inequality in America caused tension among the native population. When Spain, in an attempt to centralize their administration (spurred by the Enlightenment), began replacing Creoles with Spaniards in judicial and legislative offices, the tension was escalated even further. This challenged the position and comfort of wealthy Creoles, and motivated them to support independence. â€Å"The antagonism and bitter feelings between American Creaoles and those Spaniards born in the Iberian Peninsula who came to Latin America, helped ignite the emotional tinderbox that flared in 1810. (Clayton Conniff, 20)Creole unrest was widespread when Napoleon invaded Spain and Portu gal in 1807. For the Latin American revolution, the timing could not have been better. The monarchs were disposed and Napoleon installed his brother as king. Spanish rebels fought the illegitimate Bonaparte in a civil war for six years. This left the colonies isolated and they rejected the authority of Spain. As a solution, they created local governments, of juntas, primarily filled with Creoles to rule in the king’s absence. â€Å"Dissatisfaction had been given ideological form by the Enlightenment, awhile the crown and peninsulares had thoroughly antagonized Creoles for decades by denying them what they considered their legitimate aspirations. Napoleon’s invasions of Spain, by suspending colonial loyalty to the Spanish sate, touched off the fuse to the powder keg.† (Clayton Conniff, 22)Independence took different courses between regions. Some, such as Brazil, were relatively peaceful, but others, such as Peru and Mexico, were bloody. The wars for independence distinguished many brave and courageous soldiers. The names of patriots such as Bolivar, Hidalgo, San Martin, and Artigas among many others, inspire pride in the Latin America. After the revolutions began, success did not come smoothly. Counterrevolutions took back many of the initial successes from the patriots, but tenacity and devotion finally, after fifteen years, won Latin America its freedom. Independence brought new problems and challenges. The struggle to create new legitimate forms of government created differences, and political turmoil created confusion and tension. The church was attacked for being conservative and suffocating. Revolutionaries wanted to take the churches power and lands. This created clearly defined battle lines that caused enduring problems for the new nations. One of the basic ideals of the revolution was freed for all people, but this created unexpected problems. Tributes were eliminated and Indians were given rights as citizens, but the national gov ernments quickly realized they depended on the income obtained from the tributes. Thus, the tribute was restored. The revolutionaries also sought to give the Indians freedom, and they gave them individual property rights. The Indians who were not familiar with private ownership were easily taken advantaged. As a result of freedom and the end of the communal system, many Indians were left without protection and they slid even further down the economic ladder. Political disorder and powerful leaders attempting to regulate authority marked the period after the revolutionary wars. Independence did not win Latin America its success; freedom created new problems and new challenges that had to be overcome. .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c , .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c .postImageUrl , .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c , .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c:hover , .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c:visited , .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c:active { border:0!important; } .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c:active , .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua3a1c9756ecc1ba8c94b847ddca1941c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Art Of The Future EssayPolitics Essays

The Jewish Way Of Life Has Been Affected In A Tremendous Essays

The Jewish way of life has been affected in a tremendous way by the people of the United States of America. By the time of the signing of the Declaration of Independence, there were only 2500 Jews in America. For forty years beginning in 1840, 250,000 Jews (primarily from Germany, Hungary, and Bohemia) entered this country. Anti-Semitism and economic woes in Eastern Europe went from bad to worse after the pogroms of 1881-1882. Almost three million Eastern European Jews left between 1881 and 1914, two million (85%) of which decided to come to America, where they thought "the streets were paved with gold." They were wrong. Because of this intercontinental migration, the social characterization of Jews in America changed drastically. Before the move, the largest group in the early eighteenth century were the Sephardic Jews. They lived in the coastal cities as merchants, artisans, and shippers. The Jews who predominately spoke German came to America over 100 years later, and quickly spread out over the land. Starting as peddlers, they moved up to business positions in the south, midwest, and on the west coast. New York City had 85,000 Jews by 1880, most of which had German roots. At this time in American history, the government accepted many people from many different backgrounds to allow for a diverse population; this act of opening our borders probably is the origin of the descriptive phrase "the melting pot of the world." These German Jews rapidly assimilated themselves and their faith. Reform Judaism arrived here after the Civil War due to the advent of European Reform rabbis. Jewish seminaries, associations, and institutions, such as Cincinnati's Hebrew Union College, New York's Jewish Theological Seminary, the Union of American Hebrew Congregations (UAHC), and the Central Conference of American Rabbis, were founded in the 1880s. America was experimenting with industry on a huge scale at the time the Eastern European Jews that arrived. Their social history combined with the American Industrial Age produced an extremely diverse and distinct American Jewry by the end of the intercontinental migration, which coincided with the start of the Great World War (World War I). Almost two out of every three new immigrants called the big northeast municipalities (such as the Lower East Side of New York) their new home. They would take any job available to support the family, and they worked in many different jobs which were as physically demanding as they were diverse. The garment district in New York today was made from the meticulousness, the sweat, and the determination of the Jews. Low pay, long hours, and disgusting working conditions characterized the average working day. Labor unions fought for these workers' rights and eventually won. There are stories of men in the Lower East Side of New York who started to sell rags from a cart, and slowly moved up the ladder in time to run a small clothing shop. Like other Jews in America at this time, they sacrificed the Sabbath to work during it, but it was for the good and the support of his family. The 1890s saw the birth of many Jewish-oriented charities were organized to raising funds for medical and social services, such as Jewish hospitals and Jewish homes for the aged. The American Jewish Committee was formed in 1906 to attempt to influence the American government to aid persecuted Jewish communities overseas. B'nai B'rith, a Jewish fraternal society, was set up in 1843 by German Jews in America; in 1913 it instituted the Anti-Defamation League to combat anti-Semitism. Today the ADL combats not just anti-Semitism, but also racism and other discriminants. Furthermore, The B'nai B'rith Hillel Foundation has put together Hillel Houses at major college campus throughout the country to ensure that Jewish college students get an adequate religious experience. Anti-Semitism in America did not become widespread until the turn of the century. Anti-Semitism follows Jews around; it is not part of a community unless Jews live with them in that community and the gentiles don't want them there. Jews were informally ostracized from clubs and resorts, and were denied entrance to colleges and other institutes of higher learning. Moreover, it was a common practice to not employ Jews in particular professions and basic industries. Between World War I and World War II the United States placed limits on the number of Jews allowed in per year. Zionism, the movement formed by Jews to get themselves to a land that they can call their own, had a definite impact on American Jewry during Zionism's times of development and execution. American Zionism was affected by German and East European Jews coming to America.. Although the small membership of

Marijuana, Satins Advocate essays

Marijuana, Satins Advocate essays The dispute of whether or not marijuana should be legal is not a new one. It is a topic that has been discussed and debated about for decades, but has not yet been resolved. The main three points of concern are the effects of the drug on an individual, society, and the medicinal value. I am against the legalization of marijuana for the purpose of recreational and medicinal use. The opposing side, believes that it would be all right for marijuana to be legal for both recreational and medical consumption. Through intense research, it would be safe to say that marijuana use poses detrimental affects to an individuals health through recreational use, masquerades our society with threatening drivers under the influence, and shortens the lives of patients through medicinal use. Hens, marijuana should not be legalized period. First and foremost, marijuana is hazardous to a person's health in numerous ways. Marijuana can drastically affect the immune system. Animal studies have found that THC, the active ingredient in marijuana, can damage the bodys self defense cells and tissues that help protect people from diseases. When the immune system is weakened, the human body is prone to get sick. The consumption of marijuana can have detrimental effects on the lungs and its airways as well. Marijuana smoke in the lungs will kill cilia. Cilia move mucous, dirt and other particles out of the lungs. Also heavy usage will decrease the lungs defense against bacterial and fungal infections. The herb is also known to contain even more cancer-causing chemicals that are found in tobacco smoke. Studies have shown that a person that smokes five joints a day will be consuming the same amount of cancer causing chemicals as someone that smokes a pack of cigarettes a day. Long-term users may then become diagnosed wi th asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, or even lung cancer (marijuanaaddiction.inf...

Aaj Taak News Channel

l Aajtak news is the leading news channel and the #1 rated 24-hour Hindi-language news channel in India. Aajtak is the fastest news channel provides information from all over India. Aajtak is the winner of many awards of News filed. Aaj Tak has earned the tag line Nations Best News Channel due to its aggressive journalism and cutting edge reporting. It has a reach of more than 45 million viewers in India. This is the only channel that connects you to the whole world not after the event happens, but on the time of incidents happen, so this is the only channel that lives you and connects you to the whole world. Not only the news, has this also entertained the public by showing varities of show. This is the only channel of India that remains Indians connected not only with the news but also with some other knowledgeable things and with the entertainment world also. Aaj Tak is the world class broad caster of News that provides not only the Indians but also the foreigners its services by warming up the people through its hot and live news. Aaj Tak gives information to public about each and every field i. e. News regarding each and every field. Therefore Aaj Tak is the perfect and Up to date News Channel. Aaj Taks wide array of news programming includes daily news bulletins on Aaj Subaha and 10tak, politics, sports, business, entertainment, international coverage and much more. Aaj Tak delivers the latest news in a viewer friendly language – as and when it happens. Besides the unrivalled bulletin coverage, Aaj Tak has also pioneered feature-based programming within the news genre with leading shows such as Seedhi Baat, Cinema, Khel and Jurm. It reaches to people in remote villages too, where this channel is hugely popular because of the channel`s India centric programmin * BOARD OF DIRECTOR’S Aroon Purie: Chairman and Managing Director, is the Founding Editor and Editor-in-Chief of India Today and Chairman of the India Today Group. He is a graduate from the London School of Economics with a degree in Economics and is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants (England Wales). Mr. Purie: Has greatly contributed to journalism in India. He entered the publishing business and founded the India Today Group. Rakesh Kumar Malhotra Is a commerce graduate from Hansraj College, Delhi University. He has about 28 years of experience in Business and Industry. Mr. Malhotra is the Chairman of the Audit Committee and Remuneration Committee. Anil Vig Is the Managing Director of Anika International Private Limited, a company engaged in imports and exports, and of Ebony Fashions Private Limited, one of the largest textile manufacturers in India. He is also a partner in Aristo Chemical Analytical Works. He has completed his Bachelors of Arts in Commerce from the Delhi University and later studied at the Paper School in Finland. Anil Mehra: is proprietor of Anil Mehra Company, Chartered Accountants and is a partner of Mehra, Singh Vishwanath, Chartered Accountants. He completed his Bachelors in Commerce from the Delhi University and obtained professional accreditation as a Fellow Chartered Account from the Institute of Chartered Accountants (England Wales) and the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. Mr. Mehra has over 30 years of audit experience in statutory audit, internal audit, management audit, and in special investigative audits of private and public companies. He also has experience in advising companies on financial manageme Rajeev Thakore Completed his Bachelor of Arts in Economics from St. Stephens College, New Delhi, MBA from University of Saskatchewan, Canada and Pre Business Program from Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA. He has about 20 years of experience in banking and financial services sectors. At present, Mr. Rajeev Thakore is the Managing Director of Jacob Ballas Capital India Pvt. Limited and Jacob Ballas Information Technologies India Pvt. Limited. Ashok Kapur Is a Bachelor of Architecture. Being an Industrialist with vast experience in diversified field, he holds position of Director in many well known Public and Private Limited Companies. Ms. Koel Purie Rinchet: Has Graduated in the field of Acting from Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts (RADA) and Graduated in Politics, Philosophy and Economics (PPE) from University of York. Ms. Rinchet holds 15 years of experience in the field of films and dramatic arts, as an actor, producer, assistant director, host and anchor etc. She is well known in the television and film industry in India. Her achievements and experience during the last 15 years in films, dramatic arts provide a vital insight to the entertainment industry. History and major events The key milestones of our business are as under: TV Today Network Limited (TVTN) was incorporated on December 28, 1999 as a company with a limited liability under the Companies Act, 1956. TVTN received the certificate of commencement of business on February 7, 2000. TVTN is promoted by Living Media India Limited (LMIL), its holding company. LMIL had been conducting News Broadcasting business through one of its divisions, TV Today Division since 1994. TV Today Division has been transferred to TVTN as a going concern by Business Transfer Agreement executed between LMIL and TVTN. Presently, TVTN runs four 24 hours News Current Affairs channels, namely Aaj Tak, Dilli Aaj Tak and Tez in Hindi and Headlines Today in English. CALENDAR YEAR| EVENTS| | | 1988| Launched Newstrack, a 90 minute monthly video cassette covering the news of India and the Asian sub-continent. | | | 1994| Produced Style Today, a weekly half-hour fashion magazine. | | | 1995| Produced a 20-minute Hindi news bulletin, Aaj Tak, aired on the Metro channel of Doordarshan. | | | 1996| Launched Good Morning Today and Sapthahik Aaj Tak. Aired special election programs such as Aap Ki Sarkar. | | 1997| Launched Business Aaj Tak and aired the proceedings of the Union Budget 1997 in Parliament and also aired its analysis. Newstrack transformed into a weekly television programme aired on the Metro channel of Doordarshan. | | | 1998| Newstrack was telecast on Star TV for one year. Launched Subah Aaj Tak, Dilli Aaj Tak, Gaon Aaj Tak, Aaj Ki Naari and Aaj Ka Agenda. Also aired Election Results 1998, Aap Ka Faisla, Economic Survey, Curtain Raiser to the Budget, and Assembly Elections. | | | 1999| TV Today Network Limited Incorporated. | | | 000| Living Media, transferred news broadcasting business to TV Today, in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Business Transfer Agreement. Aaj Tak launched as a 24-hour news channel providing Hindi news. | | | 2001| Aaj Tak declared the Best News Channel by Indian Television Academy Awards in 2001. | | | 2002| Aaj Tak declared the Best News Channel by Indian Television Academy Awards in 2002. | 2003| Launched the English news channel, Headlines Today. Aaj Tak declared the Best News Channel by Indian Television Academy Awards in 2003 and TV News Channel of the Year Award by Indian Telly Awards 2003. | PROGRAM’S SCHEDULE , . . , . :   3:30 . , . . , . . . . , ? - . :   4. 30 . . . -? - . :   5. 30 . , . . . , - . . . : 11 . . - . . ? . :   11. 30 . . , . . , . , , . :   9. 30 . ? , . . . . . . :   8 8. 30 . 10 -? - . , . 10 , ? , . . : 10 . . . ? , ? . , . 10 . , . . . ?. :   10 . - . , . . . :   7 . OUR BUSINESS We are the leading news broadcaster of India, based on number of viewers for the week ended November 15, 2003. We have changed the way news is delivered to Indian audiences and have continuously innovated to retain and increase our viewership. With viewership of approximately 22. 7 million viewers, as per TAM viewership data for week ended November 15, 2003, we have effectively created a unique platform of a large and loyal audience for the advertisers to reach their target group. We believe that our leadership position is on account of our superior understanding of the audience preferences based on our management’s experience in the news business, since the launch of Newstrack, in 1988. The key milestones achieved since 1988 have been elaborated in the section â€Å"Our History† on page 43 of the Prospectus. Our consistent leadership position, we believe, in terms of number of viewers for the period May 2001 to November 15, 2003, is due to our editorial excellence, independent distribution and sales capabilities, customized state-of-the-art technology and a motivated team of well-qualified professionals. We are the first Indian broadcaster to uplink from India, a 24 hour Hindi news channel, Aaj Tak in December 2000, followed by the launch of Headlines Today in March 2003. Aaj Tak delivers news in Hindi, reaching out to the large Hindi user segment constituting approximately 52% of India’s urban population as per NRS 2002. The Indian Television Academy awarded Aaj Tak the â€Å"Best News Channel† for three consecutive years 2001, 2002 and 2003 and the channel was awarded the â€Å"TV News Channel of the Year† during Indian Telly Awards 200 2 and 2003. Aaj Tak is the market leader in the news broadcasting genre with approximately 29% market share in the Hindi news genre as per TAM viewership data for week ending November 15, 2003, and has been the market leader since May 2001, as per TAM VIEWERSHIP DATA. l Our English news channel, Headlines Today, primarily targets young urban viewers, who need sharp and crisp delivery of news. Our market share was approximately 9% amongst English news channels, according to TAM viewership data for the week ending November 15, 2003 We intend to maintain our leadership position by investing in infrastructure, technology and people to cater to the fast growing needs of viewers and advertisers. We will consolidate our market leadership by capitalising on the growth opportunities that we believe exist, in the Indian broadcasting industry such as niche channels, adopting the subscription revenue model, and international distribution of our channels. For the financial year 2003 and the four month period ended July 31, 2003, our operating revenues were approximately Rs. 1084. 9 million and Rs. 367. 9 million, respectively, EBITDA was approximately Rs. 543. 6 million and Rs. 172. 8 million, respectively, and our net profit was approximately Rs. 259. 3 million and Rs. 82. million, respectively. AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS Our strong position in the Indian news broadcasting market has won us various awards and recognitions, including: l Aaj Tak received the â€Å"Best News Channel Award† from Indian Television Academy Awards in 2001, 2002 and 2003; l Aaj Tak was awarded the â€Å"TV News Channel of the Year† during Indian Telly Awards 2002 and 2003; l Only media brand to be included in the Brand Derby study by Business Standard, 2002; l Aaj Tak was rated as â€Å"India’s #1 News Channel in terms of brand recall, credibility and lead time† in June 2003 by Exchange4media. om NFO MBL television News Watch; and l Aaj Tak has been rated as one of the most successful brand launches during the past seven years, in the Brand Derby in the study conducted by Business Standard, September 2003. BUSINESS STRATEGY We believe that we are well positioned to expand in the fast growing news broadcasting industry which is well positioned to achieve further growth as a result of increasing penetration, viewer preference to continuously stay informed and the growing number of advertisers in the news broadcasting genre. Our strategic objective is to further consolidate our leadership position in the news Increase viewership by upgrading our studios and bureaus, investing in state-of-the-art technology and software, creatively innovate to differentiate ourselves from competition to increase viewer loyalty, launching niche channels and distributing our news channels to Indians abroad; Capture an increasing share of advertising revenue potential by introducing innovations and incentives in our annual rate card, focus on offering sponsorships of our programs, offering differentiated programming mix at the weekends and expanding time bands and increasing inventory utilization; l Significantly increase the inventory utilization on Headlines Today; l Charge subscription revenue, when appropriate; and l Managing growth while optimizing cost

Manufacturing and Production Enterprises Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Manufacturing and Production Enterprises - Essay Example CIM involves use of other independent technologies like the computer in all sections of the business making it easier to monitor the progress of each section and monitor process flow. Information sharing to any employee demanding it for effective decision-making if made easier. On implementation, businesses implement it differently and use tools that are dependent on diverse factors affecting the business (Markert & Backer, 2009). This makes it more of a manufacturing philosophy than a technology since it is adopted differently by different organizations to suit their demands. CIM does not include a specific implementation process or predetermined structure that is to be adopted by any organization intending to use the strategy. There are no specific technologies that are identified to be part of the setup. With no specific implementation structure, CIM is more of a management strategy that intends to assist businesses integrates their existing technologies to achieve quality products. An integration of electrical, information and mechanical subsystems makes it possible for management personnel in design and manufacturing to communicate with each other using computer workstations (Markert & Backer,

Managerial Finance Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Managerial Finance - Assignment Example c) The utility company can take out a large debt as it is able to sustain it as it generates enough revenue throughout the year to finance the debt where a software company which works on one of orders and generates revenue on successful orders completed hence they cannot afford to reduce their profitability and revenues by taking debt and then giving interest on it. d) The investor would not invest all the investment in one company as this will increase risk. When the investment is spread over all the various companies and various industries of different nature the inherent risk of investment is diversified and minimized. P2-15 a) The company has a very effective sales collection system in place and as per the figures the company has a defective rate of 12.5% and rest of the sales in other terms have been collected in cash or were already collected as per the system. b) Yes it would increase the entire debt from a 12.5% to a staggering 16.67% which would mean the company is effectiv ely loosing 16.67% of the 75% sales that it is making which is a huge problem for the company.

Greek Mythology and Atlantis Essay Example for Free

Greek Mythology and Atlantis Essay The myth of Atlantis started with only a few pages from a book written from the famous Greek philosopher Plato. He spoke of a island kingdom, situated just beyond the pillars of Hercules. It was a glorious city made up of a series of layered walls and cannels, and at the very top of the hill was a temple dedicated to Poseidon â€Å"god of the sea.† All the myths behind Atlantis were all based on old Greek legends, dating back as far as 350 B. C. Plato had written a minimum amount of information about this â€Å"lost empire†, but enough to make people look farther into the subject. Plato’s theory was that Atlantis was a great island kingdom, full of wealth and bliss. It was a futuristic impression of a perfect society, controlled by the Greek gods. But the people of Atlantis became corrupt and greedy, so the gods decided to destroy them. A Volcano erupted off the shores of North Africa causing a monstrous wave, which found its way to this great empire. The wave destroyed the city causing the island to sink into the sea, never to be seen again. No other mystery on earth has sparked such an obsession. What happened to the legendary city of Atlantis? Or was it just that, a legend?  Over the years the story of this ancient city had has taken on a life of its own, transformed into countless fantasylands, hotel, even movies. Everyone was in the race to find Atlantis. Donyana national park. A massive ancient bay once existed in this large marsh in southern Spain, conveniently located just beyond the Pillars of Hercules. In the marsh strange circular patterns were found in satellite photos.  Comparing these photographs to the detailed description in Plato’s writing, Researchers were convinced it was there in the Donyana national park wear Plato’s Atlantis was. In Plato’s writing he describes a port city with three rings of connected harbors and gives exact dimensions for each ring. Researchers believed that the circular patterns seen in the satellite photos are a match to Plato’s description. And there’s more, in Plato’s writing he speaks of a temple dedicate to the god Poseidon. He gives the exact dimensions the temple. In the satellite photos it shows a rectangle shape matching the exact dimensions given in the writing. Now many of you are probably are thinking, Atlantis†¦ its only a myth. But just a thousand miles east from Donyana, is a place the Turkish call Troya, for proof that myth can become reality. Troy is one of the most storied place in the acicent world. For years people thought that Troya was just a made up fantasy, only described in Hommers poem â€Å"The Eliot† in this 3000-year-old story troy is the setting for the trogon war, and the legendary trogon horse. Like Atlantis troy was thought of as just a myth. But this proves that facts and myth can sometimes be one in the same. But how is it possible that in one night an entire city and all of its people can vanish? Think of if you woke up one morning and Hawaii just disappeared? It was like it never even existed. There are countless theory’s to what really happened to Atlantis, some say it was pulled out to sea by Poseidon and now the entire city and its people are under the water. And some have more logical explanations. If Atlantis truly were to be discovered, myth would become reality. But the real question is does Atlantis even exist, or was it just a silly old tale a very old man made up?

Chysalids Compared To By The Waters Of Babylon Essay -- essays researc

Two very good stories are The Chrysalids by John Wyndham and â€Å"By The Waters Of Babylon† by Stephen Vincent Benet. Both these stories are sci-fi and depict what human civilizations will be like after a nuclear holocaust. The result of the holocaust has altered the Hill People and Waknuk people’s morals and religious beliefs. The main difference between the stories is one is viewing the future as positive the other is portraying the future negatively. The Chrysalids was a better story. It portrayed what humans act like. In the following paragraphs many points will be looked upon to prove that The Chrysalids is a better story. The Chrysalids takes place in an eastern part of Canada called Labrador. It is set in the future after a nuclear holocaust has occurred. The town of Waknuk is isolated because the surrounding areas have heavy radiation and nothing can survive there. Because of this isolation Waknukians had to make up new religious and moral beliefs. Both these stories have many similarities as well as many differences. Some of the most visible similarities are in the setting. They are both set in the future after a nuclear holocaust. Both stories are set in small villages where laws are strict and the surrounding areas of the villages are forbidden. Both civilizations have lost all knowledge of past civilizations, they must recreate beliefs and morals the best they can. As well they also thought very highly of the Old People. What these villages do not understand they make up stories to explain them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Some of the differences in setting are some Hill People know what is around them. No one in Waknuk knows what is around them. In â€Å"By The Waters Of Babylon† priests are allowed to go into dead places, where as in Waknuk no one is allowed to go into the fringes. â€Å"By The Waters Of Babylon† takes place in New York. The Chrysalids is set in Labrador. What the Hill People do not understand they attributed to God where as in Waknuk what is unknown is associated with the devil. The novel The Chrysalids starts out when the main character, David is having a dream. The dream is about a city with flying objects in the sky and buggies without horses to pull them. After this dream David is curious of what this city is. He realizes he has the gift of telepathy. He and the others with telepathy must keep it a secret or they will be banished... ...s. The themes of these stories are alike in the sense that they both show strict religious views. There laws are very strict and clear. The themes are different in the way that society is presented. In The Chrysalids humans are portrayed as being ignorant and negative. On the other hand â€Å"By The Waters of Babylon† presents humans as being accepting and optimistic. The most significant difference in these stories is the way the societies think. The Waknuk people refuse to change and are very stubborn. The Hill People are accepting of the truth and are willing to change. The novel The Chrysalids went into a lot more detail and seemed more relatable then â€Å"By the Waters of Babylon.† The best story is The Chrysalids. It portrayed society more accurately. It was also more exciting and realistic. Both these stories were well written. They had many similarities as well as many differences. The better story of the two is The Chrysalids by Jon Wyndham. His story went into greater detail and was more exciting. The plot of The Chrysalids was also a lot more elaborate. After observing many points about setting, plot, characters and theme the more accurate story of humans is The Chrysalids.

For Environmental Balance, Pick Up a Rifle Essay

In the article â€Å"For Environmental Balance, Pick up a Rifle† by Nicholas Kristof, the author informs the reader about the importance of hunting, arguing that hunting needs to be brought back in the United States to control the deer population. He talks about the negative impact deer have caused in death of people by car accidents and with the destruction of the ecosystem with their overpopulation. The majority of deer have had a profoundly unnatural effect in certain parts of New York and New Jersey. Kristof notes that these days many people view hunting as a cruel and brutal and are opting for other methods for deer control due to their sympathy for deer. He states that it is a waste of time and money for liberals and conservatives to be using birth control and condoms; to prevent pregnancy to the deer. With the decline in hunting practices in North America, further environmental imbalance continues, which makes hunting an ecological necessity. If hunting were to increase in the coming years, individuals would be able to participate in the outdoors and enjoy nature. However, Kristof is an unreliable source in the knowledge of animal control and uses ineffective persuasion on this controversial topic. When it comes to experts on animal control, environmentalists spend an excruciating amount of time examining animals that have had a habitat interference with the ecosystem. Nicholas Kristof is not a reliable source of information; he has based his article off of an outsider’s point of view. While a column piece points out issues associated within our society, Kristof has yet to have the appropriate background and information to support his claim. Growing up on a farm in Oregon, studying law, and working as a columnist in The New York Times, gives some insight as to why Kristof wrote the article in the first place. This is because his audience includes a wide range of people; from highly educated to hardly any education. He is  writing in a city where hunting is a foreign concept, which leads Kristof to writing a commentary piece that relates to other topics individuals know about rather than the information of the deer in general. For example, he states â€Å"It’s s till true that in a typical year, an American is less likely to be killed by Osama bin Laden than by Bambi† giving the reader irrelevant material that has nothing to do with the topic of deer control. The author often states statistics that are in his favor, so his point is substantiated. In an article, â€Å"Journal of Wildlife Management† by Clinton Faas talks about how people generalize all deer as something harmful without considering the different types of deer. Not many people know about the axis and white-tailed deer that have had a negative impact throughout the environment. While in the article Kristof’s states that â€Å"The New Jersey Audubon Society this year advocated deer hunting as an ecological necessity.† (Kristof, 13) Yet while researching the Audubon Society it states that the white-tail deer made resources scarce in the ecosystem and it shows no sign of resorting to the concept of hunting. Nicholas Kristof takes the word deer throughout his article and made an assumption that all deer are harmful to society. The idea that hunting deer should be encouraged for the benefit of society and that it connects people with nature is remarkably repugnant in Nicholas Kristof’s â€Å"For the Environmental Balance, Pick up a Rifle.à ¢â‚¬  Many animal activists, such as the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) would agree that animals are not ours to use for food, clothing, experimentation, or entertainment. The reason that it is important to treat other living things with dignity and respect is because they have the capacity to suffer as people do. We are told that it is wrong to hurt other people, physically and mentally. Although in the article Kristof becomes indulged in the fact that animals are the problem in society and should be put down for it. For instance he quotes â€Å"So it’s time to reestablish a balance in the natural world, by accepting the idea that hunting is as natural as bird watching.† (Kristof, 18) Yet the majority of the environments issues are caused by human actions. For example, misguided construction, irrigation and mining can deface the natural landscape and disrupt important ecological processes. Aggressive fishing and hunting can deplete entire stocks of species. Human migration can introduce alien competitors to native food chains. While reading Nicholas Kristof’s article,  I analyzed and exposed the unreliable information he provide d. He stated statics that were vague and unspecific, misguiding the reader with irrelevant facts on other topics, and did not have the appropriate background to be considered an expert on the problem of animal control. Overall, hunting is not the way to control the deer population nor has the author convinced his reader.

Learning Notes Essay

|STAGE 1 | |CONTENT STANDARD: The learner understand the different types and forms of drama, the features ,elements and conventions which distinguish | |them from narratives thereby leading him/her to produced a reaction paper. | |PERFORMANCE STANDARD: The learner writes a meaningful reaction paper on a drama presentation. | |ESSENTIAL UNDERSTANDING: The learner exhibits understanding and appreciation of drama by making sense of and reacting to the different issues| |presented in it.. | |ESSENTIAL QUESTION: How does one show appreciation of Philippine Drama? | |Learners will know: | |Types of Drama | |Forms of drama | |Drama conventions | |Expressions showing agreement and disagreement | | | |Learners will be able to: | |Explain types of drama | |Distinguish various forms of drama. | |Apply various graphic organizers to illustrate key concepts in a drama. | |Perform an array of reading techniques to concretize and unlock drama concept. | |Respond in various ways to express understanding of drama. | |Relate how drama mirrors real life. | |Deduce authentic experiences that can be incorporated in a drama. | |Analyze descriptions, dialogs and actions to discover, articulate, and justify characters in a drama. | |Draw insights on main and sub issues presented in a drama. | | | |STAGE 2 | |Product Performance Task: A meaningful reaction paper on a drama presentation. | | | |Evidence at the level of understanding: The learners should be able to demonstrate understanding by covering the six (6) facets of | |understanding. | |Explanation-Explain how the playwright justifies the actions, feelings, and attitudes of the character. | |Describe characters, and situation to show how drama reflects culture. | | Interpretation- interpret the series of connected events in a drama plot. Using events line | |Application-Apply role playing strategies in delivering dialogs between the protagonist and antagonist in the play | |Perspective- Develop perspective by evaluating a drama presentation. | |Empathy-assume role in Critiquing a drama presentation. | |Self-knowledge- self-assess one’s strengths and weaknesses in presenting assessment of a drama presentation. | |Evidence at the level of performance: Performance assessment of an original extended dialog for drama presentation based on the following | |criteria: | |1. Focus/Theme | |2. Accuracy | |3. Language | |4. Unity | |5. Coherence | |6. Style | | | |STAGE 3 | |TEACHING LEARNING SEQUENCE | |A. EXPLORE- At this stage, the teacher should be able to do the following: | |Make the learners aware of the desired result that is, for him/her to demonstrate understanding of understanding of the different types and | |forms of Philippine drama as well as the features, elements, and conventions which distinguish them from narratives | |Introduce the Essential Question (EQ), â€Å"How does one show appreciation of Philippine drama? † with the learners. Make them answer the questions| |as exhaustively as possible and cue them into the big ideas by activating their prior knowledge or past experiences. | |Use non-formative assessment procedure to check/evaluate learners’ readiness and competence on the prerequisite skills to the tasks at hand. | |Inform the learners of how they will be assessed. Their major output after the lesson is a meaningful reaction paper on a drama presentation. | |Likewise explain the rubrics. | |Activities |Materials |Date |Remarks | |1. Life is a drama TG. P. 4 |Types of Drama listed on a manila |August 15,2011 | | | |paper. | | | |2. Illustrate it TG. P. 4 |1. Manila paper |August 16,2011 | | | |2. Pentel pen/ pencil | | | | |3. crayons | | | |Note: | |1. Pre-test is given to students. To test their prior knowledge. | |2. Ask the EQ-essential Question | |3. Clarify expectation | |4. Hook and engage interest. | |5. Give the essential understanding. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |STAGE 3 | |TEACHING LEARNING SEQUENCE | |B. FIRM UP- At this stage, the teacher should be able to do the following: | |Make the learners enhance their knowledge of the different types and forms of Philippine drama, as well as the features, elements and | |conventions which distinguishes them from narratives. | |Highlight the grammar item by providing sufficient examples of word/phrase showing agreement or disagreement. | |Provide the learners with activities that are motivating and challenging | |Maximize learners’ participation in various tasks from controlled practice to free association phase of learning | |Provide feedback to check for understanding. | |Activities |Materials |Date |Remarks | |1. Which one are you TG. P. 6 |1. A copy of the words â€Å"JOLOGs and | | | | |â€Å"CONOS† | | | |2. A day for a play TG. P6 | | | | |- Read and write words in the play |2. A photocopy of the Drama- â€Å"Call | | | |that shows AGREEMENT and |Me Flory† by Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero | | | |DISAGREEMENT. | | | | |3. Lexicon TG. P6 | | | | |- Write the meaning of the phrases. |3. Manila Paper with the Phrases | | | | |taken from the play. | | | |4. Simple Recall TG. P7 | | | | |- Comprehension Questions |4. Manila paper with the | | | | |comprehension questions. | | | |5. Agree or Disagree TG. P9 | | | | |- Expressing agreement and |5. Manila Paper with two column A | | | |Disagreement |and B Agreement and Disagreement. | | | | | | | | |6. In my opinion TG. P10. |6. Various topics written on a | | | |- Choose one topic then write an |Manila paper. | | | |opinion paragraph stressing their | | | | |greatest argument for agreeing or | | | | |disagreeing. | | | | | | | | | |Note: Discuss and explain | | | | |expressions on agreement and |Outline of the topic | | | |disagreement. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |STAGE 3 | |TEACHING LEARNING SEQUENCE | |C. DEEPEN- At this stage, the teacher should be able to do the following: | |Provide learners with thought – provoking questions that will make them reflect, revisit, rethink, and revise earlier assumptions about the | |types and forms of Philippine drama, the features, elements, and conventions that distinguish them from narrative. | |Enable learners to apply the grammar items learned by giving them activities within the confines of higher order thinking skills. | |Address the learners’ uniqueness, their strengths and weaknesses by providing them with differentiated instruction as needed. | |Provide them with meaningful and challenging activities that will reinforce what they have learned. | |Engage them in meaningful self-evaluation. | |Give feedback. | |Activities |Materials |Date |Remarks | |1. Curtailed Freedom TG. P. 11 | 1. Topic on specific reality or | | | |- Have them agree or disagree†¦ |game show. | | | | | | | | |2. Mock Election TG. P11 | | | | |-Write and express their ideas | | | | | |2. â€Å"Written issue on a manila | | | | |paper- â€Å"Are you in favor of using | | | |3. Drama Inventory TG. P12 |the Filipino language during | | | |- Complete the table after |English time? † | | | |watching/listening to various drama| | | | |media. |3. Written CHART on a manila paper | | | | |as guide to the activity. | | | |4. Airing Feedback TG. P12. | | | | |- Role play any situation | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |4. Rubrics | | | |Notes: | | | |1. Discuss the Elements of Drama | |2. types of drama | |3. drama conventions | | | | | | | | | | | |D. TRANSFER- At this stage, the teacher should be able to do the following: | |Have the learners make independent application of the various processes (drama review, play reaction paper production, critiquing an original | |extended drama script, ect) they have learned. | |Make them do independent performance or project using varied and complex assessment procedure. | |Harness the learners’ growing proficiency by letting them establish the interface among the activities they have performed. | |Have them see the connections between tasks and the world. | | | |Activities |Materials |Date |Remarks | |1. Drama Review TG. P13 | 1.evaluation Chart | | | |- Complete the evaluation chart | | | | |after watching a scene in a drama | | | | |or play. | | | | | | | | | |2. DRP (Drama Reaction Paper) TG. | | | | |P13 | | | | |- evaluate the strength and |2. List of criteria written on a | | | |weaknesses of a play or drama. |manila paper | | | | | | | | | | | | | |References: | | | | |Laarni- A Dream by Loreto | | | | |Paras-Sulit | | | | | | | | | |Call Me Flory, by Wilfrido Ma. | | | | |Guerrero | | | | |The World is an Apple | | | | | | | | | | |Prepared by | | | |FERDINAND A. SANGAO | |Subject Teacher Noted: | |NORA D. DALAPNAS | |Head Teacher In Charge | | | | | | |

Free Essays on Virtues

Plato’s Four Virtues Virtues contribute to people’s actions in today’s society. Society as a whole has a common set of virtues that many people agree on. In today’s society, these are known as laws. Virtues also mold the individual outlook on life, and give them the moral’s to do what is right. In The Republic, Plato divides a society into three classes: gold, silver, as well as bronze and iron souls. Each class is designated to posses a specific virtue. He believes that wisdom, courage, moderation, and justice combine together to form The Republic. However, Plato’s four virtues individually do not necessarily produce a utopian society. A combination of the four in each citizen along with other personal emotions is necessary in producing the ideal society. In Plato’s search for the perfect â€Å"republic†, he decides that the basis of the society will be on four virtues. The first of these virtues is wisdom. Of the three classes , the gold souls posses the virtue of wisdom. The gold souls are the only class whose knowledge goes beyond the mere facts to the level of true wisdom. â€Å"†¦This class, which seems to be by nature the smallest, belongs a share of the knowledge that alone among all the other kinds of knowledge is to be called wisdom† (429a). The second virtue that Plato defines is courage or spirit. Courage is the preservation of the opinion produced by law, through education about what things are terrible, and what things are good. Courage can be found in the silver souls, or the guardians. Plato uses the example that when dyers want to dye wool, they start with the background. They need the right kind of white material, and they have to prepare it carefully; and if they go to this trouble, you can’t bleach the color out. If they do a poor job of it, the cloth quickly becomes washed-out and faded. Plato used the dyeing analogy to state how he wishes to train the silver souls. H e states that the people will under... Free Essays on Virtues Free Essays on Virtues Plato’s Four Virtues Virtues contribute to people’s actions in today’s society. Society as a whole has a common set of virtues that many people agree on. In today’s society, these are known as laws. Virtues also mold the individual outlook on life, and give them the moral’s to do what is right. In The Republic, Plato divides a society into three classes: gold, silver, as well as bronze and iron souls. Each class is designated to posses a specific virtue. He believes that wisdom, courage, moderation, and justice combine together to form The Republic. However, Plato’s four virtues individually do not necessarily produce a utopian society. A combination of the four in each citizen along with other personal emotions is necessary in producing the ideal society. In Plato’s search for the perfect â€Å"republic†, he decides that the basis of the society will be on four virtues. The first of these virtues is wisdom. Of the three classes , the gold souls posses the virtue of wisdom. The gold souls are the only class whose knowledge goes beyond the mere facts to the level of true wisdom. â€Å"†¦This class, which seems to be by nature the smallest, belongs a share of the knowledge that alone among all the other kinds of knowledge is to be called wisdom† (429a). The second virtue that Plato defines is courage or spirit. Courage is the preservation of the opinion produced by law, through education about what things are terrible, and what things are good. Courage can be found in the silver souls, or the guardians. Plato uses the example that when dyers want to dye wool, they start with the background. They need the right kind of white material, and they have to prepare it carefully; and if they go to this trouble, you can’t bleach the color out. If they do a poor job of it, the cloth quickly becomes washed-out and faded. Plato used the dyeing analogy to state how he wishes to train the silver souls. H e states that the people will under...

Research methodology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research methodology - Essay Example According to Johnson (2008), some scholars argue that domestic violence is mainly perpetrated by men, while others argue that women are equally violent as their male counterparts in intimate relationships. The second debate involves establishing the number of women that are abused by their partners annually. According to Leone et al. (2007), between two to six million women are abused by their partners globally per year. However, Johnson (2008) argues that these estimates are generalized, ignoring the types of violence perpetrated in an intimate partner relationship. This is a research methodology of establishing the types of intimate partner violence and the number of women that are afflicted by the violence in New York City in United States. According to Johnson, (2008), domestic violence does not occur as a unitary incident. Johnson, (2008) classifies intimate partner violence into four types. These include intimate terrorism, situational couple violence, mutual violence and violent resistance. This classification is based on the part that power and control play in an intimate relationship. To collect information on the types of intimate partner violence, this study will concentrate on establishing the number of women that are abused annually in the United States. Using Johnson (2008) classification of intimate partner violence, the number of abused case will be established. This study will cover New York City whereby the data of abused persons in relationships will be obtained from health records in hospitals and other facilities such as pol ice departments, counseling institutions where cases of domestic violence are reported. This information will be obtained from the database of these institutions where applicable. In addition, collecting the data directly from responsible authorities in these institutions and victims of domestic violence will be undertaken in order to include statistics of intimate

Read Abigail Solomon-Godeau's essay on Gauguin and answer the Assignment

Read Abigail Solomon-Godeau's essay on Gauguin and answer the questions - Assignment Example This lead to oppression. Gauguin escaped European civilization and technology and took refuge in Tahiti. This action made him live a simple and natural lifestyle. His desire for sexual freedom was manifested in his paintings. He viewed Tahiti as the earthly arcadia of love, naked nymphs and gentle climate to mark it all. He also extended the academic pastoral to include all other non-European models. He believed in celebrating the society of his adoption against colonialism (Solomon-Godeau, 127). What undermined him as primitive is that he took adolescent mistresses as young as fifteen years. He also saw sexual freedom from the male point of view. It concludes that elements of primitivism involves interweave of race, sexual fantasies and power (Solomon-Godeau 130). In the end, he victimized the Tahitians because he regarded them as

MLT1 Task 11 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MLT1 Task 11 - Essay Example nd beverages such as of fermented milk, wine, alcohol, yoghurt, sauerkraut, and so on, aids in agricultural production through nitrogen fixation, for example, are useful inn study and manipulation of the DNA of plants and animals (genetic engineering/ biotechnology), and in the development of vaccines. In all the samples that I studied, that is, those from water, soil, and air, there were evidences of microbial growth after allowed periods of incubation in the respective Petri-dishes at room temperature. However, also, there were no distinct colony characteristics in all the dishes which had various kinds of colonies, colors, shapes and other such definitive features. Five kinds of colonies were evident on the air dish and had various sizes (6mm, 4mm, 13mm, 5mm and 9.5mm) and shapes (with four being irregular and one round shaped). Margins were either lobate (2) or wavy (3) with the surfaces wrinkled, smooth or smooth with contoured edges. The first colony was milky white, the second had a white center with clear surrounding, the third had a white center with milky white surrounding, the fourth had yellow, gold, clear surrounding and the fifth had a tan center with a white/ clear ring. Two colonies were seen in the soil (one 10mm and the other less than 1 mm in size). The first colony lacked a definite shape or margin while the second was irregularly shaped with a lobate margin. All surfaces were wrinkled. The first colony was clear and the second was cream white. There were four different colonies in the water sample (dish) (4mm, 5mm, 1mm, and 30mm). Three were round and one irregular, with two margins lobate and the other two smooth. All surfaces of the water colonies were smooth. Colors differed from tan to white, orange, clear to off white and lastly, transparent. As noted in C above, all the dishes from water, air, soil and skin samples had an array of different kinds of microbial colonies. This is a result of the fact that each of these microbial

Compare how Hardy and Shaw present women Essay Example for Free

Compare how Hardy and Shaw present women Essay Thomas Hardys tragic novel Tess of the DUrbervilles and George Bernard Shaws comedy play Pygmalion both highlight the treatment of women during the Victorian Era however, they both use different genre and style to explore this. The injustice towards women is clearly highlighted by Tesss famous quote Whip me, crush me; I shall not cry out. Once victim, always victimthats the law! This clearly demonstrates Hardys view of women being victimized by men and this is a view also taken by Shaw; he highlights this in his play through the ill treatment of Eliza by Higgins A woman who utters such depressing and disgusting sounds has no right to be anywhere no right to live. Many Victorian readers were horrified at the authors feminist views as they thought it was natural that men treated women as inferiors and were shocked at the authors for sympathizing with their female protagonist. The Victorian attitude that women were subservient to the man comes from the biblical view that Eve was made from a part of Adam. Hardy and Shaws views refer form the Darwinian view of species which does not place men above woman which caused controversy within the Victorians. Hardy and Shaw give a sympathetic presentation of their female protagonist in order to make their hardships seem worse. Tess is descried as a simple country girl who is eager to learn about life she has full zest of life willing to learn she is continuously described by Hardy as beautiful Holmberry lips, Flower like mouth, beautiful white hart and virginally white. Hence we feel sympathetic towards her when she has to work at Flintcomb Ash, where the stubborn soil and stony lachets make working condition very horrific. Shaw describes Eliza as not all a romantic figure to highlight that this is the consequences of her living conditions; she lives in a small room with very old wall paper hanging loose in the damp places the only visible luxuries: a wretched bed heaped with all sorts of coverings which makes us feel sympathetic towards her. Shaw demonstrates the change of appearance in Eliza after she has been living with Higgins. After she has been washed, Shaw highlights her beauty impression remarkable distinction and beauty commenting on the fact now she has better living conditions her beauty can be seen; this is also visible in act three though the stage direction in Mrs. Higgins house such remarkable distinction and beauty as she enters that they all rise , quite fluttered. As I said above in the Victorian era women were usually seen as subordinate to men, they were regarded as mens property. Shaw portrays this by using Elizas father as a good example; Mr. Doolittle says this girl belongs to me and decides to sell her to Higgins for five pounds not a penny more or less. The dialogue used by Elizas father might be presented in a humorous manner; however, its impact on the reader is more effective as they see the harsh living conditions and treatment Eliza has to face. Eliza is effectively sold by her father to Higgins, Well, whats a five-pound note to you? And whats Eliza to me? she knows nothing about it- Shaw stresses the fact women were innocent and were used by men just to provide some money. They did not have a right to revolt as they had no control over the male figures in their lives. In Pygmalion no harm comes to Eliza even thought she is sold this is because Shaws keeping in mind that the play is light heart and comedy. The idea of selling their daughter is also is clear in Tess when Joan Durberfield dresses Tess up in her Sunday best when Alec is meant to come and collect her. Joan does this in hopes of Tess attracting Alec and they would get married which would be ideal for the families economical situation. Hardy points out this desperation to highlight the fact it was not just men who sold their daughters; there were also women who had to use their daughters beauty as a weapon for money and attraction towards men Her mothers pride in the girls appearance led her to step back like a painter from his easel, and survey her work as a whole. Even though Joan does this with affection there are deeper motives involved Hardy clearly use this to show that this novel is a tragedy and this selling will have terrible consequences in Tesss life. Shaw and Hardy also clearly portray women as the puppets or dolls who are easily used by men and are not allowed to be in control of their own actions and destiny. Higgins views Eliza as an experiment, Yes, by George: its the most absorbing experiment I ever tackled. Shaw states that Eliza is nothing more than a live doll without a mind of her own you certainly are a pretty pair of babies playing with your live doll. She is still a lifeless statue with an element of crudeness in her parrot-like conversation Shes to keep to two subjects: and not let herself go on things in general. Shaw demonstrates that merely fine clothes and the right accent are not sufficient to make a lady. Elizas accomplishments are artificial as stated by Higgins no more artificial duchesses. As Mrs. Higgins astutely proclaims, Eliza is simply a triumph of Higgins art and of her dressmakers. Hardy relates this in Alecs treatment of Tess during their first meeting, Tess is some what dazzled by Alec charm, as he spoke, in a way that made her blush a little and he takes advantage of that. Tess is looking for a job because she feels responsible for her families misfortune Well, as I killed the horse, mother, she said mournfully, I suppose I ought to do something. therefore goes to ask Alec for help. He realizes this and manipulates her until she seems to be in an abstracted half- hypnotized state and the kiss of mastery highlights that fact Tess is continuously controlled by Alec. Hardy and Shaw highlight the paradox that men blame women for their beauty and attraction and criticise men for then failing to accept responsibility for their actions. Hardy clearly portrays this by the use of Alec. He blames Tess for being the cause of his downfall saying that she has cast a spell on me with your beauty Alec later also states that Thats what every woman says after he has raped her complaining about the fact all women say no but they mean the opposite. Shaw shows these themes through his play mostly as comedy however their impact upon the reader is very immense as they understand the deeper meaning of it. Its clearly highlighted by Eliza repeating the phrase I am a good girl I am to reflect the fact she not a prostitute and she is pure even though she works as a flower girl makes us feel sympathetic towards Eliza as she continuously has to defend herself. This issue of purity is also visible in Hardys Tess as he comments on the beliefs of the Victorian era and as an omniscient narrator gives his book the sub-title Pure women thus asking the Victorian reader what is pure? Similarly Shaw highlights the irony of his book through the sub-title A Romance in five acts as Higgins and Elizas story is nothing to do with romance. Although both women suffer real hardship both Hardy and Shaw use their reaction to those to hardship to further strengthen the feminist stance of both texts. Tess and Eliza are shown very independent and want to control their own life. They clearly do not regard the social rules inflicted upon them by the male characters within their life as morally right. Tess usurps the male power of judgment. The law will not protect her from rape or redress the wrong has been done, or punishes the rapist, or give her back her child or her lost virtue. She takes the law into her own hands and punishes the offender, as she took Christianity into her own hands to get her dying baby into heaven. But Tess hands are a womans hands and within the era they would have been seen as incapable to administer sacraments and they are not supposed to administer justice so her death is inevitable. Similarly Eliza, who would never have been a lady if she was a flower girl to start off with, she clearly highlight to Higgins that the difference between a lady and a flower girl is not how she behaves, but how shes treated telling him that his treatment its the reason why she is leaving him. The independence of both women helps them decide their own future and so in the end they both accept the problems or consequences they will face as Eliza states I sold flowers. I didnt sell myself. Now youve made a lady of me Im not fit to sell anything else. Although both female protagonists do not particularly have a ending they desire nevertheless they both have been in control of their own actions and have created their own destiny, enabling, Hardy and Shaw to end their work on a more feminist assertive note.

Disadvantages Of Using Thermodynamics

Disadvantages Of Using Thermodynamics Please find my enclosed my report entitled :What kind of things that related with thermodynamics field can contribute our daily life. I trust you will find the report has covered the question in a comprehensive fashion. Should there be any questions regarding this report, please do not hesitate to contact me at the address. I will also include my email address, so that initial contact can be made and further arrangements made should that be necessary. The research report will describe that what is thermodynamics? What are the advantage of thermodynamics? How thermodynamics will make our life easy? The research report will show different branches of thermodynamics and how it works. The report will also highlight some histories of thermodynamics .On the other hand, there are some analysis and facts relating with our daily life easier and more efficient. Justification The main reason for choosing this report is because Im interested in the thermodynamics, which is our daily exposure. I also want to specify my study in thermodynamics, which is major branch of my study which in mechanical engineering. Nowadays, thermodynamics technology are using everywhere and they make our life more convenient. So, I want to do research how thermodynamics works and how they contribute to our daily life. 1.0 Introduction Boiling water is hot. Ice is cold. The diversity between hot and cold is detected naturally ability to sense heat and its opposite. We measure heat with a thermometer and we assign it a temperature. Dictionary definition of hot and cold relate those sensation to our normal body temperature. Warm things have temperatures above our body temperature, and cold things have temperatures below our body temperature. In this way, humans are able to compare the temperatures of things and get a subjective sense of hotness or coldness. In one sense heat is a sensation in the mind. But we know that some physical process is causing our nerves to be stimulated in this way. What is happening in nature that causes us to feel these sensation of hot and cold? It isnt only human beings who respond to heat flow and changes in temperature. Heat affects all material objects and the environment as well. Temperature determines whether most substances exist in a solid. Liquid. Or gaseous state, Heating and cooling, if it changes the temperature of a substance enough, can change the state of matter. SO basic is the phenomenon of temperature that physicist consider it a fundamental property of matter. Along with volume mass, electric charge, and time. The word thermodynamics consist of thermo, meaning heat, and dynamics, which refers to movement or change. In this broadest sense, thermodynamics is about heat and how heat moves and changes. The fact that heat move at all was itself a discovery of considerable importance. Its not at all obvious. You light a campfire and it warms you. It has heat. The fire goes out, and heat seems to disappear. Common experience will not tell you that none of that heat has really disappeared. Heat is a form of energy and energy can b neither created nor destroyed. That, as you will learn, is one of the most important of the laws of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is really all about the study of thermal energy and how it behaves. Over time, Scientists and engineers learned that heat energy is related to work. The classic example is the steam engine, in which heat energy is used to boil water, creating steam to push a piston attached to a rotary shaft. The shaft can then be used to turn a train wheels or a ships propeller of the machines in a factory. In this process heat energy is converted into a mechanical energy, Understanding what heat and temperature are and how energy is transformed into different forms in essential to understanding the modern industrial world and how we get thing done. As we shall see, much of our theoretical understanding of thermodynamics did not come about until people could examine the functioning of real machines like the steam engine. 2.0 History of thermodynamics The ancient Greeks believe that the world is built up of four basic elements: water, air, earth, and fire. However they did not understand the true nature of heat, the ancient Greeks learned to use it to operate simple mechanical devices. Little is known of the life of Hero of Alexandria. He wrote treatises on working with the simple machines, like the lever, the pulley, the wedge, the wheel, the gear, and the screw. He described a primitive steam engine called an aeolipile. It consisted of a reservoir of boiling water connected by a tube to a large, hollow sphere with open, bent tubes coming out of it. The sphere was attached to a gimbal so that it could rotate. Heated steam entering the hollow sphere caused it to spin as it blew the steam out of the bent tubes. The aeolipile was the first device known to transform heat into ratery motion in effect, Heros device was the first steam turbine The history of thermodynamics started with G.Galilel(1597) who introduced the theory of temperature and he also invented one of the first thermometers. It was G. Black (1770) who was the first to use the term Thermodynamics. In 1772 G. Wilke introduced the unit of measuring the a mount of heat a Calorie. It was W. Tompson (1859) who introduced term thermodynamics into conventional use. In the 20th century, thermodynamics became a basic independent division of Theoretical Physics dealing with the study of general properties of physical systems under equilibrium, as well as common regularities taking place with attaining equilibrium. Thermodynamics is divided into phenomenological and statistical thermodynamics 3.0What is thermodynamics? Thermodynamics is a division of natural science related with heat, energy and work it defines macroscopic variables that show material and radiation and explains how they are related and by what law. Thermodynamics shows the average behavior of , large numbers of small divisions. 3.1Braches of thermodynamics 3.1.1 Classical Thermodynamics Classical thermodynamics shows the changes of thermodynamic in terms, either of their time-balanced equilibrium states, or else of their continually repeated like clockwork processes, but, formally, not both in the same account. It uses only time-balanced, or equilibrium, small quantities that can measure in the laboratory, counting as time-consistence a long-term time-average of a quantity, such as a flow, achieved by a continuously repetitive process. Classical thermodynamics does not accept change over time as a central circumstance in its account of processes. An equilibrium state stands constantly without change over time, while a continuously repeated cyclic process runs repeatedly without change over time. In the classical field closely and purely in terms of cyclic action, the best internal of the working body of a cyclic process is not considered; the working body thus does not have a characterized interior thermodynamic state of its own because no expectation is made that it should be in thermodynamic stability; only its inputs and outputs of energy as heat and work are considered. It is of course possible, and absolutely common, for the result in terms of equilibrium states of a system to show cycles composed of indefinitely many equilibrium states. 3.1.2 Statistical Thermodynamics Statistical Thermodynamics, also called statistical mechanics, appeared with the development of atomic and molecular approaches in the second half of the 19th century and early 20th century. It shows an explanation of classical thermodynamics. It considers the microscopic cooperation between individual particles and their combined motions, in terms of classical or of quantum mechanics. Its explanation is in terms of data that rest on the fact the system is built of several species of particles or collective motions, the branches of each species individually being in some sense all alike. 3.1.3Laws of Thermodynamics The laws of thermodynamics are different from others. Therere altogether four of them. Theyre arranged from zero to four. Not because they are arranged by discovery in order but because they are numbered some especially. The second law is different from others and therere no effect on others. It has different formulas. The first law describe the quantity of internal energy of a system, which was found from kinetic energy and from its potential energy which relates to its surroundings. The first law describe the transferring of heat between closed system as work. The second law include two theories which is known as temperature and entropy. Entropy shows the limit which is known as irreversibility from the beginning, on the work that can reach to an external system by thermodynamics process. The effects of temperature, which halfway showed by the zeroth law, which has quantities in the direction of energy flow as heat between two system in thermal connection and which is known as comm on sense of hot and cold 3.2.1.Zeroth Law If the object A is thermally equal with object B, and B is thermally equal with C. So, the object A is thermally equal with object C. This is more a matter of relationship than of physics. If they have the same temperature, the two objects are thermally equal. If object A and object B has the same temperature, and the object B and C have the same temperature, then both A object and B object have the same temperature. The most important thing in Zeroth Law is that, when a hot and cold object are place in contact together, the thermal energy will flow from hotter to the colder object until their thermal energy will remain equilibrium. 3.2.2.First Law Lets consider the first law as an isolated system. That means heat and energy can neither leave or enter the circle. Such system does not done any work. But we can imagine it with a certain energy inside it, namely U, which depends on the kinetic of the molecular system and also the systems temperature. The internal energy is the same with potential energy because it has a property that does not work. But it still has the potential to do work. The first law describes that the internal energy of the system increases if heat is added to a system. The first law can just show another way of the laws of conservation of energy. As heat and work are another form of energy, if they go outside of the system, it will affect the internal energy of the system 3.2.3.Second Law The Second law is popular for its formulation of entropy. Entropy is a technical term for talking about confusion which is found in the 19th century. The same theory let us know that heat energy automatically flow cold from hot and theyre not flowing in the opposite direction. This also remind us that if the ordered system can turn easily into disordered system, But disordered system cannot turn easily into the ordered system themselves easily. 3.2.4.Third Law The third law of thermodynamics states that if an object reaches the absolute zero absolute zero of temperature (-273C), its atoms will stop moving. 4.0How Thermodynamics Works? 4.0.1.Refrigerator The system of the refrigerator cycle is continuous. We will show the system of refrigerator which uses with pure ammonia which keep the refrigerator cool in the following example. Ammonia boils at -27 degrees F. Thats why the refrigerator can always keep cool. The compressor in refrigerator compresses the ammonia gas and they heats up as it reaches high pressure. At the back of the refrigerator, there are coils that make hot ammonia gas to take its heat. When it reaches high pressure, the ammonia gas become liquid as its pressure is high. The pressurized ammonia liquid let flow through the expansion valve. Theres a small hole within an expansion valve. One side of the hold let flow the high pressured ammonia liquid and other side let flow the low-pressure ammonia gas because the gas are sucked out of that side by compressor. The ammonia liquid boils as the boiling point is very low and it vaporizes. The gas temperature dropping to -27F and that makes the refrigerator cold inside. The cold ammonia gas sucked by the compressor and repeats the circle again and again. 4.0.2 Air Conditioner Therere some major parts of an air conditioner which freezes and cool the air in two directions: Indoors and outdoors: Evaporator, which works for the liquid refrigerant Condenser, which work for transferring heat Expansion valve, which make refrigerant into the evaporator Compressor, which pressurizes refrigerant For the cold side of an air conditioner, there is a fan which blows air over the freezed coil to cool down the air into the room and the evaporator. The compressor is in the hot side and also the condenser. Another fan is to release hot air coming off the compressed cool to the outdoors. Between those coils, theres an expansion valve which release into the evaporator the compressed liquid. If the liquid reaches into the evaporator, it experiences the pressure drop and change back into a gas. The compressor is a large device that pressurizes the refrigerant gas to turn back into a liquid, which is also known as electric pump. 4.0.3 Microwave Oven As it is a microwave oven, it simply uses microwave to warm up or cook food. Microwave is a kind of wave that stays between radio wave and infrared radiation. For the microwave system, the commonly used wave which has the frequency of about 2,450 megahertz. They have interesting effects. Water, fats and sugars absorbs such kind of waves. If theyre absorbed, they change them into atomic motion which transform into heat. These wave have another interesting effect too. They cannot be absorbed by most plastics or glass. 5.0Advantages of using Thermodynamics The devices as shown above each of them have Advantages. By using refrigerator we can keep perishable food, such as, vegetables and milk for much longer periods. Refrigerators also have a freezing part that will keep frozen foods and make ice to use in beverages By using Air Conditioner, its more comfortable and we can adjust the indoor temperature. In extreme heat, air- conditioning can be a life saver, improves the air quality and most air conditioner also reduce the humidity level, which helps both comfort. For Microwave oven, it can cook many food about 1/4th of the time necessary on a gas burner. It saves time in heating frozen foods. Food gets cooked uniformly. 6.0 Disadvantages of using Thermodynamics Thermodynamics not only have advantages but also have disadvantages. By using refrigerator it costs a lot of electricity to run. They are also environmentally unfriendly the refrigerator also contain refrigerant that can be damaging to the environment because of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) content. This material is suspected to be the cause of reduction of earths ozone layer. When we frequently use the air conditioner, the air conditioning disease will occur. It is characterized by fatigue weakness, cough or fever and so on. Air conditioners energy consumption is considerable. It will consume a lot of energy. It also release CFC, which is environmentally unfriendly. Microwaves can cook food in very short period. Due to short period of cooking, food does not become brown unless the microwave has a browning unit. Sometimes unwanted chemicals migrate to food from plastic cook ware or food packages. The short cooking time may not give a chance of blending of flavours as in conventional methods. 7.0Recommendation As a result of the research carried out, it appears to be necessary to understand all the field of thermodynamics. Future technologies are requiring new materials with unusual effects that will either be prepared by high-temperature techniques. One of the important thing that can affect the pollution to the environment easily are the new devices. Equipment using volatile fluids that can harm to the stratosphere and destroy the ozone will have to be replaced. Devices that emit sulfur oxides will have to be modified to reduce sulfur emission to very low values. The ability of solar energy used devices will have to be improved and nuclear power plants will have to be designed to make less serious accidents. So that energy production by combustion to carbon dioxide is greatly reduced. 8.0 Conclusion The research report has taken information from various sources to understand what is thermodynamics; what are laws of thermodynamics; how they works; and how they make our life easier? It shows that thermodynamics used devices are very convenient to use. If there were no thermodynamics devices in this world it would be many difficulties to pass a day. By improving the uses and devices of thermodynamics, they can make our life more convenient and can reduce the environmental reduce the environmental side effects.